A semen analysis is the first step for men on the path to parenthood
It may be surprising, but both female and male issues can be responsible for your fertility struggles. In fact, male factors cause one third of infertility cases, while a combination of male and female infertility contributes to another third. As a result, the Fertility Center of Las Vegas (FCLV) includes a semen analysis as part of the infertility evaluation. This simple test can provide the information our Las Vegas fertility doctors need to help you welcome a baby.
What is a semen analysis?
This important test examines a man’s sperm and semen. The sperm is what fertilizes the egg, while the semen is the thick fluid that contains the sperm the body releases during ejaculation. Problems with either one can result in male infertility, but the sperm quality and quantity are especially important.
Our andrologists look at each man’s sample during a semen analysis to assess the following characteristics.
- Sperm count, or concentration, is the number of sperm per mL of semen. A normal sperm count is between 20 and 250 million sperm per mL of semen.
- Semen volume is the amount of semen in the sample. A normal volume is between 2.0 and 8.0 mL per ejaculation.
- Sperm morphology is the number of sperm with a normal shape. 5% of sperm should have a normal shape.
- Sperm motility is the number of sperm that are alive and moving. 40% of sperm should be moving forward.
Our andrologists will also consider how long it takes the semen to liquefy after ejaculation, determine whether white blood cells are present and assess the fluid’s acidity.
Any abnormalities in these areas can decrease the likelihood that a man’s sperm will be able to fertilize his partner’s egg. If issues are present, our Las Vegas fertility doctors offer highly effective male infertility treatments. Some common examples include in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
How can you prepare for this male infertility test?
Before undergoing a semen analysis, you will need to provide a semen sample by masturbating into a sterile container. Because our andrologists must examine the sample within two hours of collection, you will either provide the sample at our clinic or bring it to us within one hour of collection.
For the best results, you should refrain from ejaculating for two to three days before the test. However, you shouldn’t wait longer than five days because doing so can decrease your sperm quality. If you have other questions about how to prepare for this test, our Las Vegas fertility doctors are happy to help you.
Contact us if you’re ready to get started on the journey to fatherhood. The FCLV team offers leading-edge fertility treatments and compassionate support for hopeful parents.
FAQ
What does a semen analysis measure?
A semen analysis evaluates key factors of male fertility, including sperm count, motility (movement), morphology (shape), semen volume, and overall sperm health. These parameters help determine whether sperm can reach and fertilize an egg.
Why is a semen analysis the first test in diagnosing male infertility?
It is quick, non-invasive, and provides essential information about sperm quality. Since male factors contribute to nearly 40–50% of infertility cases, analyzing sperm early helps guide proper treatment.
How should I prepare for a semen analysis?
Most clinics recommend:
- 2–5 days of abstinence
- Asking your doctor about avoiding alcohol, tobacco, saunas, or hot tubs before the test
- Informing your provider about any medications or supplements you are taking
- Following instructions ensures the most accurate results.
Can the semen analysis be collected at home or does it have to be at the office?
Many clinics allow samples to be collected at home under specific guidelines, but others require on-site collection to preserve accuracy. Samples typically must reach the lab within 30–60 minutes.
What is considered a normal sperm count and motility?
According to WHO guidelines:
- Sperm count: 15 million/mL or higher
- Motility: 40% moving sperm or more
- Morphology: 4% normal forms or higher
Abnormal values do not always mean infertility; full interpretation is needed.
What can affect semen analysis results?
Stress, fever, illness, smoking, medications, environmental toxins, and ejaculation timing can alter sperm parameters. Sometimes a repeat test is recommended.
Can semen analysis detect health problems besides infertility?
Yes. Abnormal results may reveal hormonal imbalances, infections, blockages, varicoceles, or immune-related issues. Additional testing may be recommended.
Does a low sperm count mean I am infertile?
Not necessarily. Many men with low sperm counts conceive naturally or with treatments such as IUI or IVF, depending on the underlying cause.
How long does it take to receive semen analysis results?
Most labs provide results within 24–72 hours. A fertility specialist will interpret them and discuss next steps.
How often should the test be repeated?
Because sperm production cycles last 70–90 days, repeating the analysis helps confirm whether results remain consistent or improve after lifestyle changes or treatment.
